Water expended during the preceding 24 hours: 35 gallons
Water distilled during the preceding 24 hours: 35 gallons
Coal consumed during the preceding 24 hours: 495 lbs
Coal remaining on hand at noon: 72 tons 2193 lbs 

2pm: B.B. in vacuo = 44°; B.B. in air = -25°
3pm. B.B. in vacuo = 16°; B.B. in air = -26°
4pm: B.B. in vacuo = -14°; B.B. in air = -27°

The forward spar deck bilge pump is worked by Baxter engine and the main engine bilge pump by the 
steam cutters engine. Distilling. 
Water in the ship to day 

at 8am
at 4pm
at midnight 
At water tight bulkhead
11 inches
8 inches
7 inches
At fire room bilge
3 inches
3 inches
3 inches

Sounded at noon in 30 fathoms. Muddy bottom. A drift to the west being indicated by the lead line.
Ice formed 5 inches in thickness over sounding hole since noon yesterday. Ruddy dawn light at 3am.
Clear, bright and pleasant weather. Light northerly and easterly winds in the forenoon, and northerly and 
westerly winds in the afternoon, with steadily rising barometer and slowly falling temperature. Crew 
engaged in digging away the ice under the bows. Land was sighted bearing south (magnetic) in two high 
mountains with a saddle between them. A bear was shot by Alexey about 7 miles to the westward of the 
ship, and buried in the snow after skinning, it being too late to get the body to the ship before night. 
At 4am sound from ice in motion to N.E. and E. following occasional slight jars to ship at 3am. 
At 1am faint aurora chiefly in N.E. and W.N.W. Lunar circle. At 2am very faint auroral patches. At 3 faint 
auroral glimmer in W.N.W. The sun was raised by refraction above the horizon before 6am. At 11pm 
broken curtain arches 10° and 20° in altitude to N.E. extending from E. to N. 
An exceptionally beautiful auroral display commenced shortly before midnight. From W. x S. to N.E. and 
chiefly south of zenith, from 10° to 15° in altitude an auroral band extended in a series of flat semi-
elliptical curves opening to the N'd. On the inner or north edge of the band it was brilliantly white, while 
the light faded down toward the southern horizon to a pale cloud-like intensity, in which faint lines would 
occasionally show. To the north of zenith very meagre bands of long streamers hung across the sky. A 
peculiarity of the display was the regularity with which the curves, which were moving slowly along the 
band from W. to E. broke into rapid and distorting undulations when they aimed at a point lying within 
the space apparently occupied by the constellation Ursa Major. There the E. end of the curve would 
suddenly deepen and double back sharply, while the aurora would be violently agitated and would show 
the prismatic colors with extraordinary vividness. Occasionally the organization of the original curve 
would be maintained notwithstanding the extraordinary rapidity of the movements around its margin, but 
usually the curve was broken or seemed to collapse, to be succeeded by forms, in the zenith of 
indescribable outline because of the rapidity of changes. At times it seemed as if there were two distinct 
strata of aurora, the lower one being most agitated, so that the prismatic colors in modified tints crossed 
and recrossed each other while the whole looked like a magnificent pyrotechnic display on which 
various colored and intense lights were thrown. In the west the band showed occasionally that at a great 
distance in that direction a similar movement was in progress, while to the E'd such a movement was 
plainly discernible the rapid changes of the foldings in the band taking the forms of spiral curtains. The 
whole display after lasting a half hour moved to N. of zenith fading as it went.   

Moon 24° 41' N. 
New moon